Contract Farming and Technical Efficiency: A Case of Export-Oriented Organic Rice Farmers in Pakistan
نویسندگان
چکیده
Although organic rice is a niche market in Pakistan, it has exhibited enormous potential for growth export-oriented production. Since contract farming the leading promoter of production Punjab, improving technical efficiency smallholder farmers through holds sufficient potential. This work examines influence participation on farmers’ using cross-sectional data set 650 respondents. We applied stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to examine and inefficiency estimates. Further, propensity score matching (PSM) was used control endogeneity self-selection bias The results reveal that 89.7%, which can still be improved by 10.3% at current sociodemographic characters input levels. Likewise, land size, seed, machine expenditures are key inputs frontier. Results show positive significant connection between efficiency. study extends literature efficiency, production, farming, well-being farmers. Moreover, study’s findings provide cues policies practices.
منابع مشابه
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Land
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2073-445X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/land11111953